For non-US residents looking to start a business in the United States, obtaining an Employer Identification Number (EIN) is a crucial step. The EIN, also known as a Federal Tax Identification Number, is issued by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and is used for tax reporting, hiring employees, opening a U.S. business bank account, and other business-related activities.
But how can you apply for an EIN if you don’t have a Social Security Number (SSN) or Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN)? Fortunately, the IRS allows foreign entrepreneurs to get an EIN without either of these numbers. This guide will walk you through the step-by-step process, important considerations, and common mistakes to avoid.
Who Needs an EIN as a Non-US Resident?
✅ Foreign-Owned LLCs – If you are a non-US resident forming a Limited Liability Company (LLC) in the U.S., you need an EIN for tax purposes.
✅ Corporations – If you are registering a C-Corporation or S-Corporation, an EIN is necessary for compliance and banking.
✅ Amazon FBA & E-commerce Sellers – Platforms like Amazon, eBay, and Shopify may require an EIN to process tax documentation.
✅ Freelancers & Consultants – If you want to work with US-based clients and avoid tax withholding issues, an EIN can be helpful.
✅ Real Estate Investors – If you plan to invest in US properties, an EIN is required for tax reporting.
🔗 More details: IRS Official EIN Guide
Step-by-Step Guide to Getting an EIN as a Non-US Resident
If you are a foreign entrepreneur without an SSN or ITIN, follow these four easy steps to obtain your EIN.
Step 1: Determine Your Business Structure
Before applying for an EIN, you must form your U.S. business. The two most common structures for foreign owners are:
✅ LLC (Limited Liability Company) – Ideal for small businesses, freelancers, and Amazon sellers.
✅ C-Corporation – Better suited for larger businesses, startups, and companies seeking investors.
💡 Tip: S-Corporations are generally not available to non-US residents.
🔗 More details: US Small Business Administration
Step 2: Complete IRS Form SS-4
Since you don’t have an SSN or ITIN, you cannot apply for an EIN online. Instead, you must complete Form SS-4 (Application for Employer Identification Number).
Key Fields in Form SS-4
- ✅ Line 1: Enter your business name.
- ✅ Line 2: Trade name (if different).
- ✅ Line 7b: Leave blank if you don’t have an SSN/ITIN.
- ✅ Line 8a: Select “Yes” for an LLC.
- ✅ Line 9a: Choose the entity type (LLC, Corporation, etc.).
form here: IRS Form SS-4
Step 3: Submit the SS-4 Form to the IRS
Since online EIN applications are not available for non-US residents, you must apply via:
| Method | Processing Time | Details |
|---|---|---|
| Fax | 4-7 business days | Send to +1 (855) 641-6935 (International fax: +1 (304) 707-9471) |
| 4-6 weeks | Send to: Internal Revenue Service, EIN Operation, Cincinnati, OH 45999, USA | |
| Phone | Immediate | Call the IRS at +1 (267) 941-1099 (Not toll-free) |
💡 Tip: Fax is the fastest option for international applicants!
🔗 More details: IRS Contact Information
Step 4: Receive Your EIN and Start Your Business
Once your application is processed, you will receive your EIN confirmation letter via fax or mail. Now, you can:
✅ Open a U.S. Business Bank Account – Banks require an EIN to set up a business account.
✅ File Taxes & Stay Compliant – The EIN helps the IRS track your business tax obligations.
✅ Start Business Operations – You can now invoice US clients, register for business licenses, and more.
🔗 Related: Best US Banks for Foreign-Owned Businesses
Common Mistakes to Avoid When Applying for an EIN
❌ Filling Out Form SS-4 Incorrectly – Ensure you leave Line 7b blank if you don’t have an SSN or ITIN.
❌ Choosing the Wrong Business Structure – An LLC vs. Corporation decision impacts your tax obligations.
❌ Not Keeping Your EIN Secure – Your EIN is like a business SSN—protect it from identity theft.
Do You Need a US Address to Get an EIN?
A physical US address is not required, but a mailing address is necessary. Many non-US business owners use:
✅ Virtual Mailbox Services – Companies like Earth Class Mail, Anytime Mailbox, or iPostal1 provide US mailing addresses for businesses.
✅ Registered Agents – If forming an LLC or Corporation, a registered agent can receive official IRS correspondence.
| Service | Cost | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| Virtual Mailbox | $10-$50/month | Provides a US business address |
| Registered Agent | $100-$300/year | Required for LLC & Corporations |
Final Thoughts
Getting an EIN as a non-US resident is easier than you think! Even without an SSN or ITIN, you can apply by submitting Form SS-4 via fax, mail, or phone.
💡 Key Takeaways:
✔️ Non-US residents CAN apply for an EIN without an SSN or ITIN.
✔️ Use fax for the fastest processing time (4-7 business days).
✔️ A US mailing address is helpful but not required.
✔️ EIN allows you to open a U.S. business bank account, pay taxes, and grow your business.
📢 Need more help? Check out IRS International Taxpayer Services for official guidance. 🚀
